AFK weekly newsletter

Jul 18 / Mohamed Moussa
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AFK Weekly newsletter 1

In just 30 minutes, you will get some really important concepts for AFK. 
  • Explain the answers in details. 
  • Quick recap for the whole concept.
Write your awesome label here.

#Pathology
1-A bluish cyst associated with an unerupted tooth of a child is called an: 
◯ a. Odontogenic Keratocyst
◯ b. Eruption hematoma
◯ c. Ameloblastoma 
◯ d. Dentigerous cyst

 b. Eruption hematoma

It's Eruption hematoma, as all other options are intrabony cysts. Can't be seen in the oral cavity, only in x-ray.
The key point here is the management for that condition is to let it be. You will not interfere with your sharp blade to open it. It will resolve with time.

#Periodontology 
2-The most appropriate Gracey curette used on the distal side of tooth number 4.6 is:
◯ a. 7/8
◯ b. 9/10
◯ c. 11/12
◯ d. 13/14

d. 13/14

It's number 13/14 as distal of molars.
The Gracey curette goes with the number for each surface as the following
 - 7/8 and 9/10 for buccal surface
- 11/12 for mesial surface
- 13/14 for distal surface.

#Periodontology 
3-Management of an enamel pearl at the bucco-lingual furcation of an upper second molar with deep pockets includes which of the following?
◯ a. 3 month of periodic scaling and root planning
◯ b. Rasing a flap and remove the pearl
◯ c. No intervention
◯ Extraction

 b. Rasing a flap and remove the pearl

Raise a flap and remove the pearl is the answer.
Surgical intervention is here is necessary as the key word here is deep pocket. Meaning there is a strong reason for you to intervene and do a small surgery to correct the condition. 3 month of periodic scaling is a correct option if the question didn't mention deep pocket.

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#Endodontics 
4-As you were performing root canal therapy on a maxillary first molar and during your search for MB2, you perforate in the furcation area. Which of the following is the most significant determinant of prognosis?
◯A Time until perforation is repaired
◯ B. Size of perforation.
◯ C. Location of perforation

A Time until perforation is repaired

Time is the most critical factor.
It has been recognized that treatment success depends mainly on immediate sealing of the perforation and appropriate infection control.
As the question said it floor perforation done while
trying find MB2, so location here is of no significance.

#Pharma
5- Commonly used medication to manage trigeminal neuralgia include:
◯amitriptyline
◯ carbamazepine
◯ glycerol
◯ propranolol

carbamazepine

Answer is Carbamazepine, Let's speak about TN.
- Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a rare but excruciatingly painful disorder that affects about one in 15,000 people.
- TN patients suffer episodes of stabbing, electric shock
- like pain in the eyes, lips, nose, scalp, forehead and jaw. - the pain originates from the trigeminal (fifth cranial) nerve responsible for providing sensation to the face.
- The most common cause is thought to be compression of the nerve root by a blood vessel.
- Because pain is often first experienced along the jaw, TN is frequently mistaken as a dental problem.
- TN is more common in women, and patients are typically middle-aged or seniors.
- The unpredictable, severe pain from TN is emotionally incapacitating and may significantly impact quality of life.
The pain can be triggered when cold air touches specific facial areas or with movements like chewing, talking, smiling or swallowing.

#Pharma
6- Which of the following is an indication of steroid cover
◯A. A patient will be undergoing extensive restoration procedure on her upper left quadrant and has been taking 20 mg Hydrocortisone daily for the20 years
◯ B. Patient will undergo surgical extraction of a severe Decayed tooth and has been taking 10 mg of Hydrocortisone daily for the past 10 years
◯C. Patient will undergo surgical debridement and had been taking 5 mg of prednisone upto until a month previously
◯D. A patient who will undergo extraction of tooth with a vertical root fracture and has been on 5 mg of prednisone daily for the past five years

D. A patient who will undergo extraction of tooth with a vertical root fracture and has been on 5 mg of prednisone daily for the past five years

It's 3 simple rules
- Pt has to - undergo stressful procedure
- Pt take physiologic dose for 2 weeks at least
- 1 Risk factor at least which are Pain, infection, poor health, Long term steroids
A - Not stressful procedure
B - it's stressful, but the dose is less than the physiologic dose
C - It's stressful but pt stopped the steroids
D -- It's stressful, with risk factor
When to calculate the dose required, pay attention to the name of the drug. As each one has different potency, with Dexamethasone to be the strongest.
We need between 100 to 150 Hydrocortisone, please don't miss the question because of miss calculation. That would be really sad !!!